PostgreSQL, also known as Postgres, is an open-source relational database management system (RDMS). The origins of PostgreSQL date back to 1986 as part of the POSTGRES project at the University of California at Berkeley and has nearly 40 years of active development on the core platform.
The project was originally named POSTGRES, in reference to the older Ingres database but it was later renamed as PostgreSQL to showcase its support for SQL querying language. It supports both relational (SQL) and non-relational (JSON) querying. It’s mainly used as the primary data store or data warehouse for many web, mobile, geospatial and analytics applications. It’s supported on all major OS - macOS, Linux, Windows.
How it works? Like many relational database systems, PostgreSQL's basic architecture follows the client-server model. The main PostgreSQL program runs as a service that is responsible for defining data structures, storing data, and responding to queries. This daemon (program that runs background processes) listens for connections from clients, who can authenticate themselves and then send instructions to the server. The server responds with messages indicating success, failure, query results, or other appropriate information. This architecture allows a PostgreSQL system to serve many different clients who can connect locally or over the network. The master PostgreSQL process forks a new process for each client connection it receives. Because of this, each fork is dedicated to a single client connection, so the number of connections, forks, and database sessions align with one another.
At its simplest, PostgreSQL, much like other relational databases, organizes data into tables, where each table consists of rows (individual records) and columns (attributes or fields). These tables can be linked through keys, allowing for complex data relationships and efficient querying. While primarily a relational database, PostgreSQL goes beyond traditional relational models by incorporating object-oriented features. Object-oriented features are such that allow PostgreSQL to manage data in a more complex and flexible way. Some of the most used and important capabilities are:
JSON support - Extended support for JSON data types allows for handling semi-structured data effectively, bridging the gap between relational and document-oriented databases.
Table inheritance - Tables can inherit properties from other tables, facilitating the reuse of table data structures and simplifying the use of the management of hierarchical data.
Custom data type - Users can define their own data type, which allows for more complex yet precise data structures tailored to specific applications needs.
Functions and procedures - PostgreSQL supports the creation of functions and stored procedures, which can be written in various programming languages, enhancing the ability of the database to handle complex operations.
Full-text search - PostgreSQL offers robust full-text search capabilities, which enables efficient search operations on textual data.
For the most part, PostgreSQL follows traditional relational database naming conventions in regard to database objects. However, one point where PostgreSQL diverges from common definitions is the way it defines schema. Most databases use the word schema to refer to the general database structure or table definitions within a database. For example, you might see the/or SQL that defines a product table with a product ID, description, and count fields with relevant constraints referred to as the schema of the product table. A PostgreSQL schema however, is a specific database object that can be created and managed within the system. Understanding the hierarchy of objects within PostgreSQL can help you avoid confusion as you get to know the system and read up on documentation. PostgreSQL's main "global" object is a database cluster, which is just the name given to the collection of databases managed by the PostgreSQL server. A database cluster contains databases, roles, and other "global" entities.Schemas are defined within databases as a container for tables, functions, data types, and operators. Object names must be unique within a schema, but can be reused in different schemas, which allows users to share databases without naming collisions. They also help with grouping objects or managing third-party applications by segmenting and isolating objects with the database. Tables and other objects are created within schemas. By default, a schema called “public” is used when defining tables and other objects if an alternative schema is not named. In practice, this makes segmentation using schemas an optional practice. It is helpful to use PostgreSQL schemas in many cases, but you can also ignore this if you don’t need it.
Advantages
PostgreSQL is dubbed to be amongst the most advanced RDBMS, with its extensive set of features, it offers a wide range of advantages for data scientists, starting with its open-source nature - it can help reduce cost for enterprises of all types and sizes. Another benefit of it being open-source is that it has an active community, providing continuous support and enhancement of the product. PostgreSQL shines when it comes to handling large datasets. Its ability to efficiently manage terabytes of data makes it suitable for big data applications. With features like table partitioning, parallel query execution, and support for multiple indexing methods, PostgreSQL ensures high performance and responsiveness, even as the data volume grows.
As already mentioned, PostgreSQL is feature-rich, including tablespaces, asynchronous replication, nested transactions, online/hot backups, and a refined query planner/optimizer. It provides an extensive set of tools for data manipulation and analysis. Its support for Windows features, common table expressions (CTEs), and advanced aggregations empowers data scientists and developers to perform complex analysis. PostgreSQL also supports:
International character sets, multi-byte character encodings, and Unicode.
Most SQL:2008 data types, including INTEGER, NUMERIC, BOOLEAN, CHAR, VARCHAR, DATE, INTER-VAL, and TIMESTAMP.
Storage of large binary objects, including pictures, sounds, video, and maps.
Foreign keys, joins, views, triggers, and stored procedures.
Leading programming languages and protocols, including Python, Java, Perl, .Net, Go, Ruby, C/C++, Tcl, and ODBC.
Moreover, PostgreSQL offers fault tolerance and reliability, being ACID-compliant, ACID refers to Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability. Specifically, ACID indicates that data in a database is accurate because incomplete changes were never stored. PostgreSQL features such as write-ahead logging, Multi-Version Concurrency Control (MVCC) and point-in-time recovery make ACID compliance possible. Developers and administrators use the PostgreSQL server to build fault-tolerant applications that protect data integrity and reliability than other SQL databases like MariaDB and MySQL. When used with the PostGIS extension, PostgreSQL supports geographic objects and can be used as a geospatial data store for location-based services and geographic information systems (GIS). PostgreSQL's Foreign Data Wrappers and JSON support allow it to link with other data stores, including NoSQL types. As a result, it can act like a federated hub for polyglot database systems that use different database technologies for varying use cases.
Disadvantages
Like any product, PostgreSQL also has its disadvantages. PostgreSQL's wide array of features can present a steeper learning curve compared to other simpler databases. New users may need to invest time in understanding its advanced concepts to fully leverage its capabilities.
Some might complain that besides the JSON support, it doesn’t deliver complete NoSQL database functionality, including automatic sharding and schemaless design which similar databases offer.
Another issue can be that the system needs extra configurations and tools like Citus or pgpool to enable effective horizontal scaling. The implementation of this system increases deployment and management complexity. It can only perform horizontal scaling to a limited extent without extra tools which creates difficulties when scaling databases for extensive applications and environments with high traffic.
Even with said disadvantages however, PostgreSQL continues to be amongst the most popular and advanced relational databases. Its robust feature set, scalability, and strong data integrity make it an excellent choice for a wide range of projects. While it may require some individual investment of time in order to learn its management, the benefits it offers in terms of data management, advanced analytics, and overall project flexibility, are substantial.
Key Takeaways
PostgreSQL is a mature open-source relational database with nearly 40 years of development, supporting both SQL and JSON, and widely used across web, mobile, analytics, and geospatial applications.
It operates on a client-server architecture where each client connection gets its own dedicated process, ensuring stability and clear separation of sessions.
Beyond traditional relational models, PostgreSQL offers advanced object-oriented features such as custom data types, table inheritance, stored procedures, JSON handling, and full-text search.
Its schema system organizes database objects within containers inside each database, enabling clean structure, collaboration, and reduced naming conflicts.
While PostgreSQL is highly powerful, scalable, and ACID-compliant, it has a steeper learning curve and requires additional tools for effective horizontal scaling, yet remains one of the most reliable and feature-rich databases available.
When this policy mentions “Company”, “we,” “us,” “our”, “Data Controller”, “Controller” or “Perspecta”,
it refers to:
Perspecta LTD - registered company based in Bulgaria, register number BG203062076 with office at
Bulgaria, Veliko Tarnovo 5000, Sedmi Juli 23 str, which is responsible for the processing of Users’
and/or Customers’ personal data under this Privacy Policy (hereinafter, referred to as the “Company”,
“we”, “us”, “our”, “Data Controller”).
We, being an entity located in Bulgaria, are fully comply with European Union’s (“EU”) General Data
Protection Regulation (“GDPR”) which came into effect from 25 May 2018.
When this policy mentions “User”, “you, “your” or “Customer”, it refers to data subject in according
with the GDPR definitions.
When this policy mentions Perspecta, it refers to the website services, created by the Company.
Our privacy policy explains and informs you about the processing, collecting, disclosing, safeguarding
and use of your personal data when using our website created by Perspecta. It is committed to protecting
the privacy of its users, sensitive data and handle it confidentially in compliance with applicable law.
Our website address is https://perspecta-soft.com
Definitions
The privacy policy of the Perspecta is based on the terms used by the European legislator for the
adoption of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). Our privacy policy should be legible and
understandable for the general public, as well as our customers and business partners. To ensure this,
we would like to first explain the terminology used.
In this privacy policy, we use, inter alia, the following terms:
a) Personal data
Personal data means any information relating to an identified or identifiable natural person (“data
subject”). An identifiable natural person is one who can be identified, directly or indirectly, in
particular by reference to an identifier such as a name, an identification number, location data, an
online identifier or to one or more factors specific to the physical, physiological, genetic, mental,
economic, cultural or social identity of that natural person.
b) Data subject
Data subject is any identified or identifiable natural person, whose personal data is processed by the
controller responsible for the processing.
c) Processing
Processing is any operation or set of operations which is performed on personal data or on sets of
personal data, whether or not by automated means, such as collection, recording, organization,
structuring, storage, adaptation or alteration, retrieval, consultation, use, disclosure by
transmission, dissemination or otherwise making available, alignment or combination, restriction,
erasure or destruction.
d) Restriction of processing
Restriction of processing is the marking of stored personal data with the aim of limiting their
processing in the future.
e) Controller or controller responsible for the processing
Controller or controller responsible for the processing is the natural or legal person, public
authority, agency or other body which, alone or jointly with others, determines the purposes and means
of the processing of personal data; where the purposes and means of such processing are determined by
Union or Member State law, the controller or the specific criteria for its nomination may be provided
for by Union or Member State law.
f) Consent
Consent of the data subject is any freely given, specific, informed and unambiguous indication of the
data subject’s wishes by which he or she, by a statement or by a clear affirmative action, signifies
agreement to the processing of personal data relating to him or her.
What personal data we collect and why we collect it
We collect, store and use your information so as to implement, develop and provide better and effective
services to all our users and for the legitimate interests of us in compliance with applicable law. We
only collect the minimal amount of personal data required for the processing.
Perspecta gathers information when you enter onto our website, subscribe or submit forms, register
in social media accounts or enter your personal information. Registration with us is optional. However,
please keep in mind that you may not be able to use all necessary features offered by Perspecta unless
you register with us.
Information when you use the website
It may include:
your full name,
email address,
Skype ID
The name you provide may be used for:
your identification
related service information
The email address information you provide may be used for:
your identification
marketing purposes such as sending news regarding updates of product (new products) and/or
changes
related service information
The Skype ID you provide may be used for:
your identification
marketing purposes
related service information
We clarify that the provision of personal data is partly required by law (e.g. tax regulations) or can
also result from contractual provisions (e.g. information on the contractual partner).
Automatically collected information
The site of Perspecta gathers the type of general information and data when an information subject or
computerized system utilizes the site. This general information and data are kept away in the server log
files. Gathered information and data might be: (1) the version and types of browsers used, (2) the type
of electronic device you use, (3) your unique electronic device ID, (4) the operating system used by the
accessing system, (5) software and hardware attributes, (6) the website from which an accessing system
reaches our website (purported referrers), (7) information about the way you use the website, (8) the
sub-sites, (9) the date and time of access to the Internet website, (10) an Internet protocol address
(IP address), (11) the Internet service provider of the accessing system.
We may also use the information you provided us to contact you from time to time to provide you
with important information, required notices, and marketing promotions.
Media
You may be asked to upload different types of documents to the request a quote page (images, doc files
and pdfs). If you upload images to the website, you should avoid uploading images with embedded location
data (EXIF GPS) included. Visitors to the website can download and extract any location data from images
on the website.
Embedded content from other websites
Articles on this site may include embedded content (e.g. videos, images, articles, etc.). Embedded
content from other websites behaves in the exact same way as if the visitor has visited the other
website.
These websites may collect data about you, use cookies, embed additional third-party tracking, and
monitor your interaction with that embedded content, including tracking your interaction with the
embedded content if you have an account and are logged in to that website.
Cookies
The Internet pages of Perspecta use cookies. Cookies are little content record files which are stored in
a computer system via an Internet browser and used to enhance your on-line experience. Many cookies
contain a so-called cookie ID. A cookie ID is a unique identifier of the cookie. Cookies can identify
you as a unique customer and store your personal preferences as well as technical information. Our
website may from time to time use cookies to analyse website traffic and help us provide a better
website visitor experience. In addition, cookies may be used to serve relevant ads to website visitors
through third party services such as Google Adwords. These ads may appear on this website or other
websites you visit. The file records stored in cookies ask permission to be placed on your computer or
device storage media. We utilize cookies to enable us to give you a personalized service, and to help
make our sites, applications and services better for you. There are several types of cookies: (a)
session cookies (temporary cookies that identify and track clients inside our website, applications or
services which are erased when you close your program or leave your session in the application or
service) or (b) persistent (types of cookies which enable our websites, applications or services to save
your settings within our website, applications or services and which will be maintained on your computer
or device after you close your web browser or leave your session in the application or service).
By using our website, you choose to accept cookies (except strictly necessary cookies in according
with GDPR and Privacy and Electronic Communications Directive 2002/58/EC). Furthermore, already set
cookies may be deleted at any time via an Internet browser or other software programs. This is possible
in all popular Internet browsers. Keep in mind that not accepting cookies may make certain features of
the Services unavailable to you.
Who we share your data with Google Analytics
On this website, the controller has integrated the component of Google Analytics (with the anonymizer
function). Google Analytics is a web analytics service. Web analytics is the collection, gathering, and
analysis of data about the behavior of visitors to websites. A web analysis service collects, inter
alia, data about the website from which a person has come (the so-called referrer), which sub-pages were
visited, or how often and for what duration a sub-page was viewed. Web analytics are mainly used for the
optimization of a website and in order to carry out a cost-benefit analysis of Internet advertising.
The operator of the Google Analytics component is Google Inc., 1600 Amphitheatre Pkwy, Mountain
View, CA 94043-1351, United States.
For the web analytics through Google Analytics the controller uses the application "_gat.
_anonymizeIp". By means of this application the IP address of the Internet connection of the data
subject is abridged by Google and anonymized when accessing our websites from a Member State of the
European Union or another Contracting State to the Agreement on the European Economic Area.
The purpose of the Google Analytics component is to analyze the traffic on our website. Google uses
the collected data and information, inter alia, to evaluate the use of our website and to provide online
reports, which show the activities on our websites, and to provide other services concerning the use of
our Internet site for us.
Google Analytics places a cookie on the information technology system of the data subject. The
definition of cookies is explained above. With the setting of the cookie, Google is enabled to analyze
the use of our website. With each call-up to one of the individual pages of this Internet site, which is
operated by the controller and into which a Google Analytics component was integrated, the Internet
browser on the information technology system of the data subject will automatically submit data through
the Google Analytics component for the purpose of online advertising and the settlement of commissions
to Google. During the course of this technical procedure, the enterprise Google gains knowledge of
personal information, such as the IP address of the data subject, which serves Google, inter alia, to
understand the origin of visitors and clicks, and subsequently create commission settlements.
The cookie is used to store personal information, such as the access time, the location from which
the access was made, and the frequency of visits of our website by the data subject. With each visit to
our Internet site, such personal data, including the IP address of the Internet access used by the data
subject, will be transmitted to Google in the United States of America. These personal data are stored
by Google in the United States of America. Google may pass these personal data collected through the
technical procedure to third parties.
The data subject may, as stated above, prevent the setting of cookies through our website at any
time by means of a corresponding adjustment of the web browser used and thus permanently deny the
setting of cookies. Such an adjustment to the Internet browser used would also prevent Google Analytics
from setting a cookie on the information technology system of the data subject. In addition, cookies
already in use by Google Analytics may be deleted at any time via a web browser or other software
programs.
In addition, the data subject has the possibility of objecting to a collection of data that are
generated by Google Analytics, which is related to the use of this website, as well as the processing of
this data by Google and the chance to preclude any such. For this purpose, the data subject must
download a browser add-on under the link https://tools.google.com/dlpage/gaoptout and install it. This
browser add-on tells Google Analytics through a JavaScript, that any data and information about the
visits of Internet pages may not be transmitted to Google Analytics. The installation of the browser
add-ons is considered an objection by Google. If the information technology system of the data subject
is later deleted, formatted, or newly installed, then the data subject must reinstall the browser
add-ons to disable Google Analytics. If the browser add-on was uninstalled by the data subject or any
other person who is attributable to their sphere of competence, or is disabled, it is possible to
execute the reinstallation or reactivation of the browser add-ons.
Further information and the applicable data protection provisions of Google may be retrieved under
https://www.google.com/intl/en/policies/privacy/ and under
http://www.google.com/analytics/terms/us.html. Google Analytics is further explained under the following
Link https://www.google.com/analytics/.
Mouseflow
On this website, the controller has integrated the component of the web analytics service Mouseflow of
Mouseflow, ApS (Flaesketorvet 68, 1711 Copenhagen V, Denmark).
In the case of websites on which Mouseflow is incorporated, this tool can be used to understand
movements (so-called heat maps). For example, the data subject can discern how far users are scrolling
and which buttons users often click. Mouseflow tracks clicks, mouse movement, scrolls, forms, and more.
It shows an anonymized recording of the activity from each visitor on your site. Mouseflow provides
heatmaps to anonymously summarize where people click/touch, move the mouse, scroll, pay attention, and
are located. Mouseflow monitors how visitors interact with forms. It measures drop-off, refills, blank
submissions, errors, and more - for each relevant form field - and can be filtered in real time. Most
importantly, the services of Mouseflow enhance the functionality of websites by making them more
user-friendly, more valuable, and easier to use for end users.
When using this tool, the controller pays particular attention to the protection of personal data
of the data subject. The controller can as such only track which buttons are clicked, the mouse's
progress, how far scrolled, the screen size of the device, device type and browser information,
geographic location (country only) and preferred language for the display of website. Sections of the
websites in which personal data of the data subject or of third parties is displayed, are automatically
hidden by Mouseflow and are thus at no given time traceable. In order to exclude a direct personal
reference, IP addresses are stored and processed only anonymously. Mouseflow uses various third-party
services such as Google Analytics and Optimizely. It may therefore be the case that these services
collect data transmitted by the data subject browser within the framework of website inquiries. These
can be, for example, cookies or IP address of the data subject. In these exceptional cases, this
processing is effected pursuant to Art. 6 (1) lit. f of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) on
the basis of our legitimate interest in the statistical analysis of user behavior for optimization and
marketing purposes.
The data subject can at any given time prevent Mouseflow from collecting data, by visiting the
Mouseflow opt-out website https://mouseflow.com/opt-out/ and clicking on Disable button. More
information about Mouseflow and about the Mouseflow tool can be found under: https://mouseflow.com/.
Further information and the applicable data protection provisions of the Mouseflow may be found under
the following link https://mouseflow.com/privacy/.
Google Adwords
On this website, the controller has integrated Google AdWords. Google AdWords is a service for Internet
advertising that allows the advertiser to place ads in Google search engine results and the Google
advertising network. Google AdWords allows an advertiser to pre-define specific keywords with the help
of which an ad on Google's search results only then displayed, when the user utilizes the search engine
to retrieve a keyword-relevant search result. In the Google Advertising Network, the ads are distributed
on relevant web pages using an automatic algorithm, taking into account the previously defined keywords.
The operating company of Google AdWords is Google Inc., 1600 Amphitheatre Pkwy, Mountain View, CA
94043-1351, UNITED STATES.
The purpose of Google AdWords is the promotion of our website by the inclusion of relevant
advertising on the websites of third parties and in the search engine results of the search engine
Google and an insertion of third-party advertising on our website.
If a data subject reaches our website via a Google ad, a conversion cookie is filed on the
information technology system of the data subject through Google. The definition of cookies is explained
above. A conversion cookie loses its validity after 30 days and is not used to identify the data
subject. If the cookie has not expired, the conversion cookie is used to check whether certain
sub-pages, e.g, the shopping cart from an online shop system, were called up on our website. Through the
conversion cookie, both Google and the controller can understand whether a person who reached an AdWords
ad on our website generated sales, that is, executed or canceled a sale of goods.
The data and information collected through the use of the conversion cookie is used by Google to
create visit statistics for our website. These visit statistics are used in order to determine the total
number of users who have been served through AdWords ads to ascertain the success or failure of each
AdWords ad and to optimize our AdWords ads in the future. Neither our company nor other Google AdWords
advertisers receive information from Google that could identify the data subject.
The conversion cookie stores personal information, e.g. the Internet pages visited by the data
subject. Each time we visit our Internet pages, personal data, including the IP address of the Internet
access used by the data subject, is transmitted to Google in the United States of America. These
personal data are stored by Google in the United States of America. Google may pass these personal data
collected through the technical procedure to third parties.
The data subject may, at any time, prevent the setting of cookies by our website, as stated above,
by means of a corresponding setting of the Internet browser used and thus permanently deny the setting
of cookies. Such a setting of the Internet browser used would also prevent Google from placing a
conversion cookie on the information technology system of the data subject. In addition, a cookie set by
Google AdWords may be deleted at any time via the Internet browser or other software programs.
The data subject has a possibility of objecting to the interest based advertisement of Google.
Therefore, the data subject must access from each of the browsers in use the link
www.google.de/settings/ads and set the desired settings.
Further information and the applicable data protection provisions of Google may be retrieved under
https://www.google.com/intl/en/policies/privacy/.
How long we retain your data
The criteria used to determine the period of storage of personal data is the respective statutory
retention period. After the expiration of that period, the corresponding data is routinely deleted, as
long as it is no longer necessary for the fulfillment of the contract or the initiation of a
contract.
You may request that we delete your personal information by contacting us via email to
[email protected] .
What rights you have over your data
European General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), data protection laws give rights to individual data
subject such as all data subjects residing in the European Union to any exemptions provided by the law
regarding your personal data. This includes:
Rights of the data subject
a) Right of confirmation
Each data subject shall have the right granted by the European legislator to obtain from the controller
the confirmation as to whether or not personal data concerning him or her are being processed. If a data
subject wishes to avail himself of this right of confirmation, he or she may, at any time, contact any
employee of the controller.
b) Right of access
Each data subject shall have the right granted by the European legislator to obtain from the controller
free information about his or her personal data stored at any time and a copy of this information.
Furthermore, the European directives and regulations grant the data subject access to the following
information:
the purposes of the processing;
the categories of personal data concerned;
the recipients or categories of recipients to whom the personal data have been or will be disclosed, in
particular recipients in third countries or international organizations;
where possible, the envisaged period for which the personal data will be stored, or, if not possible,
the criteria used to determine that period;
the existence of the right to request from the controller rectification or erasure of personal data, or
restriction of processing of personal data concerning the data subject, or to object to such processing;
the existence of the right to lodge a complaint with a supervisory authority;
where the personal data are not collected from the data subject, any available information as to their
source;
the existence of automated decision-making, including profiling, referred to in Article 22(1) and (4) of
the GDPR and, at least in those cases, meaningful information about the logic involved, as well as the
significance and envisaged consequences of such processing for the data subject.
Furthermore, the data subject shall have a right to obtain information as to whether personal data are
transferred to a third country or to an international organization. Where this is the case, the data
subject shall have the right to be informed of the appropriate safeguards relating to the transfer.
If a data subject wishes to avail himself of this right of access, he or she may, at any time,
contact any employee of the controller.
c) Right to rectification
Each data subject shall have the right granted by the European legislator to obtain from the controller
without undue delay the rectification of inaccurate personal data concerning him or her. Taking into
account the purposes of the processing, the data subject shall have the right to have incomplete
personal data completed, including by means of providing a supplementary statement.
If a data subject wishes to exercise this right to rectification, he or she may, at any time,
contact any employee of the controller.
d) Right to erasure (Right to be forgotten)
Each data subject shall have the right granted by the European legislator to obtain from the controller
the erasure of personal data concerning him or her without undue delay, and the controller shall have
the obligation to erase personal data without undue delay where one of the following cases applies, as
long as the processing is not necessary:
The personal data are no longer necessary in relation to the purposes for which they were collected
or otherwise processed.
The data subject withdraws consent to which the processing is based according to point (a) of Article
6(1) of the GDPR, or point (a) of Article 9(2) of the GDPR, and where there is no other legal ground for
the processing.
The data subject objects to the processing pursuant to Article 21(1) of the GDPR and there are no
overriding legitimate grounds for the processing, or the data subject objects to the processing pursuant
to Article 21(2) of the GDPR.
The personal data have been unlawfully processed.
The personal data must be erased for compliance with a legal obligation in Union or Member State law to
which the controller is subject.
The personal data have been collected in relation to the offer of information society services referred
to in Article 8(1) of the GDPR.
If one of the aforementioned reasons applies, and a data subject wishes to request the erasure of
personal data stored by the Perspecta, he or she may, at any time, contact any employee of the
controller. An employee of Perspecta shall promptly ensure that the erasure request is complied with
immediately.
Where the controller has made personal data public and is obliged pursuant to Article 17(1) to
erase the personal data, the controller, taking account of available technology and the cost of
implementation, shall take reasonable steps, including technical measures, to inform other controllers
processing the personal data that the data subject has requested erasure by such controllers of any
links to, or copy or replication of, those personal data, as far as processing is not required. An
employees of the Perspecta will arrange the necessary measures in individual cases.
e) Right of restriction of processing
Each data subject shall have the right granted by the European legislator to obtain from the controller
restriction of processing where one of the following applies:
The accuracy of the personal data is contested by the data subject, for a period enabling the
controller to verify the accuracy of the personal data.
The processing is unlawful and the data subject opposes the erasure of the personal data and requests
instead the restriction of their use instead.
The controller no longer needs the personal data for the purposes of the processing, but they are
required by the data subject for the establishment, exercise or defense of legal claims.
The data subject has objected to processing pursuant to Article 21(1) of the GDPR pending the
verification whether the legitimate grounds of the controller override those of the data subject.
If one of the aforementioned conditions is met, and a data subject wishes to request the restriction of
the processing of personal data stored by the Perspecta, he or she may at any time contact any employee
of the controller. The employee of the Perspecta will arrange the restriction of the processing.
f) Right to data portability
Each data subject shall have the right granted by the European legislator, to receive the personal data
concerning him or her, which was provided to a controller, in a structured, commonly used and
machine-readable format. He or she shall have the right to transmit those data to another controller
without hindrance from the controller to which the personal data have been provided, as long as the
processing is based on consent pursuant to point (a) of Article 6(1) of the GDPR or point (a) of Article
9(2) of the GDPR, or on a contract pursuant to point (b) of Article 6(1) of the GDPR, and the processing
is carried out by automated means, as long as the processing is not necessary for the performance of a
task carried out in the public interest or in the exercise of official authority vested in the
controller.
Furthermore, in exercising his or her right to data portability pursuant to Article 20(1) of the
GDPR, the data subject shall have the right to have personal data transmitted directly from one
controller to another, where technically feasible and when doing so does not adversely affect the rights
and freedoms of others.
In order to assert the right to data portability, the data subject may at any time contact any
employee of the Perspecta.
g) Right to object
Each data subject shall have the right granted by the European legislator to object, on grounds relating
to his or her particular situation, at any time, to processing of personal data concerning him or her,
which is based on point (e) or (f) of Article 6(1) of the GDPR. This also applies to profiling based on
these provisions.
The Perspecta shall no longer process the personal data in the event of the objection, unless we
can demonstrate compelling legitimate grounds for the processing which override the interests, rights
and freedoms of the data subject, or for the establishment, exercise or defense of legal claims.
If the Perspecta processes personal data for direct marketing purposes, the data subject shall have
the right to object at any time to processing of personal data concerning him or her for such marketing.
This applies to profiling to the extent that it is related to such direct marketing. If the data subject
objects to the Perspecta to the processing for direct marketing purposes, the Perspecta will no longer
process the personal data for these purposes.
In addition, the data subject has the right, on grounds relating to his or her particular
situation, to object to processing of personal data concerning him or her by the Perspecta for
scientific or historical research purposes, or for statistical purposes pursuant to Article 89(1) of the
GDPR, unless the processing is necessary for the performance of a task carried out for reasons of public
interest.
In order to exercise the right to object, the data subject may contact any employee of the
Perspecta . In addition, the data subject is free in the context of the use of information society
services, and notwithstanding Directive 2002/58/EC, to use his or her right to object by automated means
using technical specifications.
h) Automated individual decision-making, including profiling
Each data subject shall have the right granted by the European legislator not to be subject to a
decision based solely on automated processing, including profiling, which produces legal effects
concerning him or her, or similarly significantly affects him or her, as long as the decision (1) is not
necessary for entering into, or the performance of, a contract between the data subject and a data
controller, or (2) is not authorized by Union or Member State law to which the controller is subject and
which also lays down suitable measures to safeguard the data subject’s rights and freedoms and
legitimate interests, or (3) is not based on the data subject’s explicit consent.
If the decision (1) is necessary for entering into, or the performance of, a contract between the
data subject and a data controller, or (2) it is based on the data subject’s explicit consent, the
Perspecta shall implement suitable measures to safeguard the data subject’s rights and freedoms and
legitimate interests, at least the right to obtain human intervention on the part of the controller, to
express his or her point of view and contest the decision.
If the data subject wishes to exercise the rights concerning automated individual decision-making,
he or she may, at any time, contact any employee of the Perspecta.
i) Right to withdraw data protection consent
Each data subject shall have the right granted by the European legislator to withdraw his or her consent
to processing of his or her personal data at any time.
If the data subject wishes to exercise the right to withdraw the consent, he or she may, at any
time, contact any employee of the Perspecta.
In addition, if you are EU individual you may also have a right to lodge a complaint with a
supervisory authority in particular in the Member state of his or her habitual residence.
In case you are not able to access, correct, or delete your personal data or you would like to
contact us about one of the other rights, please contact us via email – [email protected] .
Legal basis for the processing
Art. 6(1) lit. a GDPR serves as the legal basis for processing operations for which we obtain consent
for a specific processing purpose. If the processing of personal data is necessary for the performance
of a contract to which the data subject is party, as is the case, for example, when processing
operations are necessary for the supply of goods or to provide any other service, the processing is
based on Article 6(1) lit. b GDPR. The same applies to such processing operations which are necessary
for carrying out pre-contractual measures, for example in the case of inquiries concerning our products
or services. Is our company subject to a legal obligation by which processing of personal data is
required, such as for the fulfillment of tax obligations, the processing is based on Art. 6(1) lit. c
GDPR. In rare cases, the processing of personal data may be necessary to protect the vital interests of
the data subject or of another natural person. This would be the case, for example, if a visitor were
injured in our company and his name, age, health insurance data or other vital information would have to
be passed on to a doctor, hospital or other third party. Then the processing would be based on Art. 6(1)
lit. d GDPR. Finally, processing operations could be based on Article 6(1) lit. f GDPR. This legal basis
is used for processing operations which are not covered by any of the abovementioned legal grounds, if
processing is necessary for the purposes of the legitimate interests pursued by our company or by a
third party, except where such interests are overridden by the interests or fundamental rights and
freedoms of the data subject which require protection of personal data. Such processing operations are
particularly permissible because they have been specifically mentioned by the European legislator. He
considered that a legitimate interest could be assumed if the data subject is a client of the controller
(Recital 47 Sentence 2 GDPR).
Where the processing of personal data is based on Article 6(1) lit. f GDPR our legitimate interest
is to carry out our business in favor of the well-being of all our employees and the shareholders.
Additional information How we protect your data
We are concerned about safeguarding the confidentiality of your information. We provide physical,
electronic, and procedural safeguards to protect the information we process and maintain against loss,
misuse, unauthorized access, disclosure, or alteration. For example, we limit access to this information
to authorized employees and contractors who need to know that information in order to operate, develop
or improve our services. Please be aware that, although we endeavor to provide reasonable security for
information we process and maintain, no security system can prevent all potential security breaches.
When you access other websites using our links we cannot be responsible for their privacy policies and
practices. In addition to this, take into account that security of your information also depends on you.
Do not share your sensitive information with third-parties and keep it confidential.
Children
Our website and/or service has no intention of collecting data about website visitors who are younger
than 16 years of age, unless they have permission from parents or guardians. However, we cannot check
whether a visitor is over 16 years of age. We recommend, therefore, that parents are involved in their
children’s online activities in order to prevent data from being collected about children without
parental consent. If you believe that we have collected personal data about a minor without consent,
please contact us at [email protected] and we will delete those data.
What data breach procedures we have in place
In the case of a personal data breach, the controller shall without undue delay and, where feasible, not
later than 72 hours after having become aware of it, notify the personal data breach to the supervisory
authority and data subject. Regarding the Article 34 GDPR the communication to the data subject
mentioned above shall not be required if any of the following conditions are met:
(a) the controller has implemented appropriate technical and organizational protection measures,
and those measures were applied to the personal data affected by the personal data breach, in
particular, those that render the personal data unintelligible to any person who is not authorized to
access it, such as encryption;
(b) the controller has taken subsequent measures which ensure that the high risk to the rights and
freedoms of data subjects referred to in paragraph 1 is no longer likely to materialize;
(c) it would involve the disproportionate effort. In such a case, there shall instead be a public
communication or similar measure whereby the data subjects are informed in an equally effective
manner.
What automated decision making and/or profiling we do with user data
Perspecta do not use any automated individual decision-making procedures, including profiling.
Name and Address of the controller
Controller for the purposes of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), other data protection laws
applicable in Member states of the European Union and other provisions related to data protection is
Perspecta LTD - Bulgaria, Veliko Tarnovo 5000, Slynce 3
